English Language Arts, Grade 2, 2007
1.) Demonstrate phonological skills, including manipulating sounds and words of the English language and identifying syllables in two- and three-syllable words.
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2.) Apply phonetic strategies to decode unfamiliar and multisyllable words using graphophonemic clues and letter-sound correspondences, including diphthongs and digraphs.
• Correcting word-recognition errors
Examples: substituting, deleting, omitting
• Reading phonetically regular and irregular two-syllable words
Examples:
- regular--table, mitten
- irregular--baby, city
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3.) Exhibit vocabulary skills, including explaining simple common antonyms and synonyms and using descriptive words.
Examples: simple common antonyms--up - down, in - out, above - below
• Responding to questions
• Using semantic cues to achieve meaning
• Recognizing words in the environment
• Using new words from independent reading of stories and texts
• Recognizing possessive forms
• Using correct spelling, including spelling of sight words, spelling of unfamiliar words using phonetic strategies, and checking spelling with a dictionary
• Identifying multiple-meaning words
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4.) Demonstrate comprehension of second-grade reading materials across the curriculum, including drawing simple conclusions, classifying ideas and things, identifying sequence, and retelling directions and information from informational and functional reading materials.
Examples: functional materials--maps, simple tables, atlases, encyclopedias
• Relating events and ideas to specific life experiences
• Answering what if, why, and how questions
• Identifying characters
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5.) Read with fluency passages containing complex sentences.
Example: sentences with phrases and clauses
• Reading 90-100 words per minute
• Recognizing second-grade high-frequency words
Examples: Dolch word lists, basal reader word lists
• Using punctuation to help phrase
• Making self-corrections
• Reading with expression
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6.) Differentiate among folktales, tall tales, fables, realistic fiction, and other narrative texts.
• Recognizing the author's purpose or intent in a variety of texts
• Inferring the main idea and supporting details in narrative texts
• Summarizing the plot and characters' actions and motivations in narrative texts
• Recognizing morals and lessons in narrative texts
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7.) Explain how authors use text features to identify key and supporting ideas in informational texts.
Examples: boldface, maps, charts, diagrams
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8.) Organize sentences into a paragraph to address a topic or tell a story.
• Sorting information using graphic organizers
• Generating a topic sentence and a concluding sentence in a paragraph
• Drafting a written piece, including an introductory paragraph and a concluding paragraph
• Editing for spelling, punctuation, capitalization, and sentence variety
• Publishing final draft
• Using descriptive, narrative, and expository modes of writing
• Writing free verse poetry to express ideas
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9.) Demonstrate correct use of question marks and capitalization of names, months, days of the week, and holidays in written expression.
• Using abbreviations, apostrophes in contractions, and apostrophes in possessives in writing
• Using commas in writing
Examples: dates, friendly letter greetings, physical address, items in a series
• Using exclamation points at the end of sentences to show emotion in writing
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10.) Use concrete nouns and action verbs in written communication.
Examples:
- concrete nouns--teacher, beach, desk, dog
- action verbs--run, eat
• Describing nouns using adjectives in writing
• Substituting nouns with pronouns in writing
• Using singular and plural nouns in writing
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11.) Write words and sentences legibly with proper spacing in manuscript.
• Forming upper- and lower-case letters in cursive
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12.) Utilize research skills to collect and record information on a specific topic.
• Listing key concepts from texts
• Locating boldface and italicized words to identify essential information
• Using captions, illustrations, and photographs to extend meaning of written text
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13.) Locate information in reference material using alphabetical order.
Examples: dictionary, textbook, nonfiction book
• Generating oral and written questions before, during, and after research
• Using table of contents, glossary, and index to locate information
• Reporting on a specific topic with facts and details
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14.) Respond to various types of literature read aloud.
• Focusing attention on a speaker without interrupting
• Following multistep oral directions
• Interpreting presented information
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15.) Select appropriate voice tone, gestures, and facial expression to enhance meaning.
• Using active listening skills
Example: "Stop, Look, and Listen" technique
• Retelling stories and events in logical order
• Remaining on topic when speaking
• Using visual aids, props, and technology in oral presentations
Examples: poster, puppet, slideshow
• Using appropriate grammar and word choice in oral presentations and in conversations
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