Science, Grade 5, 2005
1.) Identify evidence of chemical changes through color, gas formation, solid formation, and temperature change.
Example: combining vinegar and baking soda to produce a gas
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2.) Define mass, volume, and density.
• Identifying the atom as the basic building block of matter
• Relating temperature changes to particle motion
Example: movement of colored dye in hot and cold water
• Relating density to the sinking or floating of an object in a liquid
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3.) Use everyday indicators to identify common acids and bases.
Examples: using grape juice to determine that vinegar is an acid, using juice from boiled red cabbage to determine that baking soda is a base
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4.) Describe forms of energy, including chemical, heat, light, and mechanical.
• Identifying types of potential and kinetic energy
Examples:
- potential-water behind a dam, battery;
- kinetic-water moving across turbine blades
• Describing alternatives to the use of fossil fuels
Examples: solar energy, geothermal energy, windmill, hydroelectric power, biomass
• Identifying the transfer of energy by conduction, convection, and radiation
Examples:
- conduction-hot plate heating a pan,
- convection-space heater heating air,
- radiation-sun heating Earth's surface
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5.) Contrast ways in which light rays are bent by concave and convex lenses.
• Describing how a prism forms a visible spectrum
• Explaining why different objects have different colors
• Describing how mirrors reflect light
Example: discussing differences in the reflection of light by convex and concave mirrors
• Describing the relationship between the structure of the eye and sight
• Identifying types of corrective lenses used to correct different sight problems
Examples:
- convex-farsightedness,
- concave-nearsightedness
• Identifying the contribution of van Leeuwenhoek to the development of the microscope
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6.) Compare effects of gravitational force on Earth, on the moon, and within space.
• Identifying contributions of Newton to the study of gravity
• Describing how a spring scale is used to measure weight
• Explaining how air resistance affects falling objects
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7.) Identify common parts of plant and animal cells, including the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane.
• Comparing unicellular and multicellular organisms
• Comparing plant and animal cells
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8.) Identify major body systems and their functions, including the circulatory system, respiratory system, excretory system, and reproductive system.
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9.) Describe the relationship of populations within a habitat to various communities and ecosystems.
• Describing the relationship between food chains and food webs
• Describing symbiotic relationships
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10.) Identify spheres of Earth, including the geosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere.
• Describing technology used to investigate Earth
Examples: sonar, radar, seismograph, weather balloons, satellites
• Describing the rock cycle
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11.) Compare distances from the sun to planets in our solar system.
• Relating the size of Earth to the size of other planets in our solar system
• Identifying technology used to study planets
Examples: Hubble telescope, space probes, Mars Exploration Rover
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