Courses of Study

Languages Other Than English (Foreign Languages), Grade 9 - 12, Latin Level III, 2006

1.) Use Level III Latin grammar and syntax to read original works by authors of Latin prose and to write Latin prose.

Examples:

- grammar and syntax--supine, diminutive, correlatives, enclitics, syncopated verb forms, impersonal verbs; rhetorical figures, including anaphora, hyperbole, chiasmus, polysyndeton, asyndeton, simile, litotes; perfect and pluperfect subjunctive, independent subjunctives, conditional sentences, subordinate subjunctive clauses, including cum clauses, anticipatory, fearing, indirect question, indirect command, substantive result clause, characteristic, relative result, proviso, clause of comparison, doubting, hindrance, subjunctive by attraction, subordinate clause in indirect statements; vocabulary learned in the dictionary format;

- authors of Latin prose--Caesar, Cicero, Pliny, Sallust, Livy

2.) Analyze the style of Latin prose authors to comprehend content.

Examples: describing the tone of a passage from Cicero, explaining the use of rhetorical devices in speeches by Cicero

3.) Recite memorized original Latin prose.

4.) Describe Roman values and perspectives recorded in prose.

Example: values of pietas and gravitas found in the writings of Pliny

5.) Analyze figures in Roman history to determine their cultural significance.

Examples: Cicero, Pliny the Elder, Pliny the Younger, Sallust, Catiline, Seneca, the Gracchi, Plautus, Terence, Livy, Tacitus

6.) Contrast the ideals of Roman political factions in the first century B.C.

Example: conflict between Cicero and Catiline

7.) Analyze early Roman heroes to identify their influence on American history.

Example: describing the influence of Cincinnatus on George Washington

8.) Describe the influence of themes in Roman prose on Western art and literature.

Example: Jacques-Louis David's Oath of the Horatii

9.) Analyze selected Roman prose to describe its influence in today's world of diverse cultures.

Example: use of phrases such as "O tempora, O mores" in modern context

10.) Analyze the structure of Roman rhetoric and its influence on contemporary rhetorical styles.

Example: comparing one of Cicero's orations to Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream" speech

11.) Compare the style of Roman prose authors to that used in contemporary history and politics.

12.) Compare issues that reveal cultural similarities between the ancient world and modern cultures.

Examples: Sallust's account of the 63 B.C. senate debate on capital punishment and the modern debate on capital punishment, Cicero's consternation regarding the appropriate punishment of insurgent citizens and the current debate on the Patriot Act

13.) Identify English derivatives of Latin words commonly used in Latin prose.

Examples: avarice, vulgar, suspicion, perdition