Science, Grade 9 - 12, Botany Elective, 2005
1.) Identify the twelve plant kingdom divisions.
• Classifying native Alabama plants using dichotomous keys
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2.) Describe phylogenetic relationships between plants and other organisms.
• Classifying plants as vascular or nonvascular
• Classifying seed-bearing and spore-bearing plants
• Classifying plants as gymnosperms or angiosperms
• Contrasting monocots and dicots
• Describing mutualism among algae and fungi in lichens
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3.) List plant adaptations required for life on land.
• Describing the alternation of generations in plants
• Comparing characteristics of algae and plants
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4.) Identify major types of plant tissues found in roots, stems, and leaves.
Examples: parenchyma, sclerenchyma, collenchyma
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5.) Identify types of roots, stems, and leaves.
Examples:
- roots-tap, fibrous;
- stems-herbaceous, woody;
- leaves-simple, compound
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6.) Explain the importance of soil type, texture, and nutrients to plant growth.
• Describing water and mineral absorption in plants
• Analyzing the roles of capillarity and turgor pressure
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7.) Explain plant cell processes, including light dependent and light independent reactions of photosynthesis, glycolysis, aerobic and anaerobic respiration, and transport.
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8.) Describe plant responses to various stimuli.
• Identifying effects of hormones on plant growth
Examples: gibberellin, cytokinin, auxin
• Differentiating among phototropism, gravitropism, and thigmotropism
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9.) Identify life cycles of mosses, ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms.
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10.) Describe the structure and function of flower parts.
• Describing seed germination, development, and dispersal
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11.) Describe various natural and artificial methods of vegetative propagation.
Examples:
- natural-stem runners, rhizomes, bulbs, tubers;
- artificial-cutting, grafting, layering
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12.) Describe the ecological and economic importance of plants.
Examples:
- ecological-algae-producing oxygen, bioremediation, soil preservation;
- economic-food, medication, timber, fossil fuels, clothing
• Analyzing effects of human activity on the plant world
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13.) Identify viral, fungal, and bacterial plant diseases and their effects.
Examples:
- viral-tobacco mosaic, Rembrandt tulips;
- fungal-mildew, rust;
- bacterial-black rot
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